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IELTS Grammar: Verb Tenses

A range of accurate tenses is essential for Band 7+. Mix tenses to show time relationships clearly.

The rules with examples

  • Present simple for facts and general truths: “Water boils at 100°C.”
  • Past simple for finished actions (vital in Task 1): “Sales rose in 2020.”
  • Present perfect for changes up to now: “Prices have increased recently.”
  • Future forms for predictions: “Cities will become more crowded.”

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Mixing past and present in the same description of a finished trend.
  • Using present simple where past simple is needed for completed events.

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