Bangladesh is a land of natural calamities like floods, cyclones and droughts that strike almost every year.

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The Natural Calamities of Bangladesh (250 Words)

Introduction

A natural calamity is a sudden and terrible disaster caused by the forces of nature. Bangladesh is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Because of its geographical position on a low, flat delta crossed by many rivers and lying beside the Bay of Bengal, it is frequently visited by floods, cyclones, droughts and other natural calamities.

Floods and Cyclones

Floods are the most common calamity in our country. During the rainy season the great rivers overflow their banks and submerge vast areas, destroying crops, houses, roads and cattle. Cyclones are equally dreadful. Every year violent storms rise over the Bay of Bengal and strike the coastal districts, and the accompanying tidal surges sweep away everything in their path.

Droughts and Other Calamities

Drought is another calamity that troubles the northern part of the country when the rains fail. It parches the soil, ruins the harvest and causes scarcity of food and water. River erosion, tornadoes and nor'westers also cause great suffering, rendering many families homeless every year.

Conclusion

Natural calamities cannot be completely stopped, but their damage can be greatly reduced. By building embankments and cyclone shelters, planting trees, giving early warnings and helping the victims quickly, we can protect our people and lessen the misery these disasters bring.

The Natural Calamities of Bangladesh (400 Words)

Introduction

A natural calamity is a great disaster brought about by the destructive forces of nature. Bangladesh is a land of natural calamities. It lies on a low, flat delta formed by mighty rivers and stands beside the stormy Bay of Bengal. For these geographical reasons the country suffers almost every year from floods, cyclones, droughts and similar disasters that cause enormous loss of life and property.

Floods

Flood is the most frequent calamity in Bangladesh. During the monsoon, heavy rainfall and water rushing down from the hills swell the rivers until they overflow their banks. Vast tracts of land go under water, and standing crops, houses, roads, bridges and cattle are destroyed. When the flood water recedes, it often leaves behind hunger and disease.

Cyclones

Cyclone is perhaps the most terrible of our calamities. Almost every year fierce storms form over the Bay of Bengal and rush upon the coastal districts. The furious wind and the huge tidal surge that follows drown men and animals, flatten houses and turn fertile fields into salt-covered wastes. The cyclones of the past have taken a heavy toll of human life.

Droughts and Other Calamities

Drought is the opposite of flood but no less harmful. When the expected rains fail, especially in the north, the soil dries up, crops wither and the people face scarcity of food and drinking water. Besides these, river erosion swallows homes and farmland, while tornadoes and nor'westers strike suddenly and leave ruin behind.

Conclusion

Natural calamities are a part of life in Bangladesh, but we are not entirely helpless before them. By constructing strong embankments and cyclone shelters, forecasting disasters in advance, planting trees along the coast and rushing relief to the victims, we can reduce the damage. With proper preparation and unity, our nation can face these calamities bravely.

The Natural Calamities of Bangladesh (600 Words)

Introduction

A natural calamity is a sudden, violent disaster caused by the uncontrollable forces of nature. Among the countries of the world, Bangladesh is one of the worst sufferers from such calamities. It is a small, low-lying deltaic land criss-crossed by hundreds of rivers and lies open to the Bay of Bengal in the south. Because of this position, the country is repeatedly struck by floods, cyclones, droughts and other disasters that bring untold misery to its people.

Floods

Of all our calamities, floods are the most common. During the rainy season the sky pours down heavy rain, and at the same time water gushes down from the hills of neighbouring lands. The great rivers, unable to hold so much water, overflow their banks and spread over the plains. Whole villages, crops, roads and homesteads are submerged, and countless cattle are swept away.

Although a moderate flood enriches the soil with fresh silt, a severe flood is a curse. It destroys the harvest, breaks communications and, after the water goes down, gives rise to famine and epidemics such as diarrhoea and cholera.

Cyclones

Cyclones are the most violent and dreadful of our natural calamities. Almost every year, and especially before and after the monsoon, terrible storms gather over the Bay of Bengal and hurl themselves upon the coastal regions. The roaring wind uproots trees and blows away houses, while a mountainous tidal surge rushes inland and drowns human beings and animals alike. The soil is left covered with salt, and fertile fields become barren for years.

Droughts

Drought is a silent but severe calamity. When the monsoon rains fail or come late, especially in the northern districts, the earth cracks under the burning sun. Crops dry up in the fields, ponds and wells go dry, and both men and cattle suffer from want of food and water. A long drought can bring about serious scarcity and even famine.

Other Calamities

Besides these, Bangladesh suffers from several other natural disasters. River erosion devours homes, farmland and even whole villages, turning prosperous families into penniless refugees. Tornadoes and nor'westers strike with sudden fury in the pre-monsoon months, wrecking houses and killing people within minutes. Occasionally the land is shaken by earthquakes as well.

Conclusion

It is beyond human power to stop natural calamities altogether, for they are the work of nature. But their destructive effects can certainly be lessened by careful planning. Strong embankments and dams, well-built cyclone shelters, accurate weather warnings, afforestation along the coast and prompt relief for the victims can save many lives and much property. If the government and the people work together with courage and foresight, Bangladesh can face these recurring calamities with far less loss and suffering.

The Natural Calamities of Bangladesh (800 Words)

Introduction

A natural calamity is a sudden and destructive disaster brought about by the mighty forces of nature, over which human beings have little control. In this respect Bangladesh is one of the most unfortunate countries on earth. It is a small, densely populated land built up of soft alluvial soil, criss-crossed by innumerable rivers, and it lies wide open to the funnel-shaped Bay of Bengal in the south. Owing to this unlucky geographical situation, the country is visited almost every year by floods, cyclones, droughts and other calamities that cause heavy loss of life and property and keep its people in constant anxiety.

Floods

Flood is the most frequent of all the calamities that afflict Bangladesh. During the monsoon months the country receives very heavy rainfall, and at the same time enormous volumes of water pour down from the hills of neighbouring regions into our rivers. Swollen beyond their capacity, the great rivers such as the Padma, the Meghna and the Jamuna overflow their banks and spread across the low plains.

Vast areas are then submerged. Standing crops rot under water, mud houses melt away, roads and bridges are broken, and cattle are drowned or swept downstream. A gentle flood may bless the fields with fertile silt, but a fierce and prolonged flood is a great curse. When at last the water withdraws, it leaves behind ruined harvests, damaged homes and outbreaks of water-borne diseases like cholera and diarrhoea, adding hunger and sickness to the sorrow of the people.

Cyclones

Cyclones are the most terrible and destructive of our natural calamities. Every year, mainly in the months just before and after the rains, violent storms are born over the warm waters of the Bay of Bengal and sweep furiously towards the coastal districts. The screaming wind tears up giant trees and scatters houses like straw, while behind it comes a towering tidal surge that rushes far inland and swallows whole villages.

Men, women, children and animals are drowned in their thousands, and the salt water that is left behind poisons the soil, making once-fertile land barren for many seasons. The dreadful cyclones that have struck our coast in the past remain among the saddest chapters in the history of the nation.

Droughts

While floods and cyclones are disasters of too much water, drought is the calamity of too little. When the monsoon rains fail or arrive late, particularly in the northern parts of the country, the land is scorched by the pitiless sun. The soil cracks, crops shrivel in the fields, and rivers, ponds and wells run dry. Both human beings and cattle then suffer terribly from the shortage of food and drinking water, and a severe, lasting drought can bring about famine and widespread distress.

Other Calamities

Bangladesh is troubled by several other natural calamities as well. River erosion is a slow but merciless disaster; year after year the hungry rivers eat away their banks, devouring farmland, homesteads and sometimes entire villages, and turning well-to-do families into homeless wanderers. Tornadoes and violent nor'westers strike suddenly during the pre-monsoon season, flattening houses and killing people within a few minutes. From time to time the country is also shaken by earthquakes, which threaten our crowded towns and cities with great danger.

Remedies

Although we cannot prevent natural calamities entirely, we can do a great deal to reduce their damage. Strong embankments and dams should be built along the rivers, and sturdy cyclone shelters raised in the coastal areas so that people may take refuge in time. Accurate weather forecasts and early warnings must reach every household. Trees should be planted along the coast and riverbanks to break the force of storms and check erosion, and relief and rehabilitation should reach the victims without delay.

Conclusion

Natural calamities are, to a large extent, beyond human control, for they spring from the very forces of nature. Yet the people of Bangladesh need not sit helpless before them. With careful planning, modern technology, strong defences and, above all, a spirit of unity and cooperation between the government and the people, we can face these recurring disasters bravely and keep their toll of life and property to a minimum. It is by such courage and foresight that our nation can turn a land of calamities into a land of hope.